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349.
Abu Mas`ud Al-Ansari (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) would place
his hands upon our shoulders when we would form rows for As-Salat (the prayer) and say,
"Stand in straight rows
and do not differ among yourselves, or else your hearts will differ due to disaccord. Let those be nearest to me who
are mature and endowed with understanding (of the religion), then those who are nearest to them in these respects
and then those who are nearest to them".
[Muslim].
لﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ٍدﻮﻌﺴﻣ ﻦﺑ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﻋو
:
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا لﻮﺳر لﺎﻗ
:
»
اﻮُﻟوُأ ْﻢُﻜْﻨِﻣ ﻲﻨِﻠَﻴِﻟ
ْﻢُﻬَﻧﻮُﻠَﻳ َﻦﻳِﺬﱠﻟا ﱠﻢُﺛ ، ﻰَﻬﱡﻨﻟاو ِمﻼْﺣَﻷا
« ًﺎﺛﻼَﺛ
»
ِقاﻮْﺳَﻷا ِتﺎَﺸْﻴَهو ﻢُآﺎﱠﻳِإو
«
ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ﻩاور
.
350.
`Abdullah bin Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"Let those
be nearest to me in Salat (prayer) who are mature and possess (religious) knowledge, then those who are nearest to
them in these respects".
He repeated this three times and then added,
"Beware of indulging in the loose talks of the
markets (when you are in the mosque)".
[Muslim].
Commentary:
The meaning of the last sentence of this Hadith seems to be that one should not quarrel, make noise
or engage in loose talk in or near a mosque to disturb the people in the mosque because such activities are severely
condemned by Islim.
351
ﻞﻴﻗَو ﻰﻴْﺤﻳ ﻲﺑأ ﻦﻋو
:
ﺔﺜﻠﺜﻤﻟا ِءﺎﺜﻟا نﺎﻜﺳِإو ﺔﻠﻤﻬﻤﻟا ِءﺎﺤﻟا ﺢﺘﻔﺑ ﺔﻤْﺜﺣ ﻲﺑأ ﻦﺑ ِﻞْﻬَﺳ ﺪﱠﻤﺤُﻣ ﻲﺑأ
لﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر يرﺎﺼﻧَﻷا
:
ُﺪْﺒﻋ َﻖَﻠَﻄْﻧا
، ٌﺢْﻠُﺻ ﺬِﺌَﻣْﻮَﻳ َﻲِهَو َﺮَﺒْﻴَﺧ ﻰﻟِإ ٍدﻮُﻌْﺴَﻣ ُﻦْﺑا ُﺔَﺼﱢﻴﺤُﻣَو ٍﻞْﻬﺳ ُﻦﺑ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا
ﺎَﻗﱠﺮَﻔَﺘَﻓ
.
َﻖَﻠَﻄْﻧﺎَﻓ َﺔَﻨﻳِﺪﻤﻟا َمِﺪَﻗ ﱠﻢﺛ ، ُﻪَﻨَﻓﺪﻓ ، ًﻼﻴﺘَﻗ ِﻪﻣد ﻲﻓ ُﻂﱠﺤَﺸَﺘَﻳ ﻮهو ٍﻞﻬَﺳ ِﻦﺑ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ِﺪﺒﻋ ﻰﻟِإ ُﺔﺼﱢﻴَﺤُﻣ ﻰَﺗَﺄَﻓ
ُﺪْﺒَﻋ
ٍﻞْﻬَﺳ ُﻦْﺑ ِﻦﻤْﺣﺮﻟا
ُﻢﱠﻠَﻜَﺘَﻳ ِﻦﻤْﺣﱠﺮﻟا ُﺪْﺒَﻋ ﺐَهَﺬَﻓ ، ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﱢﻲِﺒﱠﻨﻟا ﻰﻟِإ ٍدﻮُﻌْﺴﻣ ﺎَﻨْﺑا ُﺔﺼﻳﱢﻮُﺣَو ُﺔَﺼﱢﻴَﺤُﻣَو
لﺎﻘﻓ :
» ْﺮﱢﺒَآ ْﺮﱢﺒَآ
«
لﺎﻘﻓ ﺎَﻤﱠﻠَﻜَﺘَﻓ ، ﺖَﻜَﺴَﻓ ، ِمْﻮَﻘﻟا ُثَﺪْﺣَأ َﻮُهَو
:
»
؟ ْﻢُﻜﻠِﺗﺎَﻗ َنﻮﱡﻘِﺤَﺘْﺴﺗَو َنﻮُﻔِﻠْﺤَﺗَأ
«
َمﺎﻤَﺗ َﺮَآَذَو
ﺚﻳِﺪﺤﻟا
.
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﻟﻮﻗو
:
»
ْﺮﱢﺒَآ ْﺮﱢﺒَآ
«
ُﻩﺎَﻨﻌﻣ :
ُﺮَﺒْآَﻷا ُﻢﱠﻠﻜَﺘَﻳ
.
351.
Sahl bin Abu Hathmah Al-Ansari (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: `Abdullah bin Sahl and
Muhaiyisah bin Mas`ud ¨(May Allah be pleased with them) went to Khaibar during the period of the truce (after its
conquest) and they separated to perform their duties. When Muhaiyisah returned to `Abdullah bin Sahl, he found
him murdered, drenched in his blood. So he buried him and returned to Al-Madinah. Then `Abdur-Rahman bin Sahl,
Huwaiyisah and Muhaiyisah, the two sons of Mas`ud went to Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and spoke about the case
of their (murdered) friend. `Abdur-Rahman, who was the youngest of them all, started talking. Messenger of Allah
(PBUH) said, "Let those older than you speak first.'' So he stopped talking and the (other two) spoke about the case
of their (murdered) friend. Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"Will you take an oath whereby you will have the right
to receive the blood money of your murdered man?'' And mentioned the rest of the Hadith.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
The author of this book, Imam Nawawi, has reproduced only that portion of Hadith which is related
to this chapter. This Hadith makes out the following points:
1. The eldest person has the first right to speak in a gathering. But this principle is to be followed when all the
persons present there are equal in virtue and intelligence; otherwise, one who is superior to others in these qualities
will have a prior right to speak.
2. The Hadith explains the issue of Qasamah which was in vogue in the pre-Islamic period and was maintained by
Islam. Qasamah was a mode of settling cases of undetected murders. In such situations, fifty persons from the heirs
of the victim were asked to take an oath that murder was committed by some person of that locality (or some
persons from the heirs were required to take oath for fifty times to this effect); after this oath, the people of that area
were liable to pay Diyah
(blood money)
to the heirs of the victim. If the persons blamed for the murder said on the
similar oath that none of them had committed that offense, they were absolved from the payment of Diyah and the
payment of blood money was made to the heirs of the victim from the Bait-ul-Mal
(state exchequer).
In the incident
referred in this Hadith when the Prophet (PBUH) asked the brothers of the victim to take the required oath, they
refused to do so as they were not sure as to who had committed the crime. The Prophet (PBUH) did not ask the
inhabitants of Khaibar for the oath because they were Jews and the heirs of the victim did not have faith in them.
Thus, the Prophet (PBUH) himself made the payment of the blood money to the heirs of the victim.
352
ْﻌَﻳ ٍﺪُﺣُأ ﻰَﻠْﺘَﻗ ْﻦِﻣ ِﻦْﻴَﻠُﺟﱠﺮﻟا َﻦْﻴﺑ ُﻊَﻤْﺠَﻳ َنﺎَآ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻲﺒﻨﻟا ﱠنَأ ﻪﻨﻋ ُﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ٍﺮﺑﺎﺟ ﻦﻋو
ﻲﻨ
ُلﻮُﻘَﻳ ﱠﻢُﺛ ، ِﺮْﺒَﻘﻟا ﻲﻓ
:
»
؟ ِنﺁْﺮُﻘْﻠِﻟ ًاﺬْﺧَأ ُﺮَﺜْآَأ ﺎﻤُﻬﱡﻳَأ
«
ﱠﺪَﻗ ﺎَﻤِهِﺪَﺣَأ ﻰﻟإ ُﻪَﻟ َﺮﻴِﺷُأ اَذِﺈَﻓ
ِﺪْﺤﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﻓ ُﻪَﻣ
.
ﱡيرﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻩاور
.
160
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