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Salat is due, one of you should announce Adhan (call for prayer) and the oldest among you should lead Salat.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
This Hadith sheds light on seven points. First, we are informed of certain young men who had left
their homes and come to the Prophet (PBUH) in order to receive religious training from him. This shows that a
student of knowledge should not hesitate to set forth on a journey in the pursuit of knowledge. Second, a
teacher/mentor is supposed to have firsthand information about the affairs and requirements of students and to take
measures accordingly. Third, after graduation or the completion of an orientation course in religious studies, the
beneficiaries are also required to impart religious knowledge and training to those who lack it. Fourth, they should
also tell people to do what is commanded by the Shari`ah (Islamic Law) and to shun what it prohibits. Fifth, an
arrangement must be made for a Mu'adhdhin to call people to Salat
(prayers).
Sixth, in case each one of the
congregation is equally qualified to lead the Salat, the one who is most senior in age should perform the duty. The
first prerequisite of becoming an Imam is the ability to recite Qur'an well and in the right manner. The second in
priority is that person who is well-grounded in the religion - Qur'an and Hadith. In other words, a good Qari
(reciter)
is most fit to become an Imam and the second choice should be the one who has the mastery of religious knowledge.
Seventh, the crux of the matter is that on all occasions and at all places, believers are under obligation to take care to
establish congregational prayer after the prayer-call.
714
لﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﻋ ُﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر بﺎﻄﺨﻟا ِﻦﺑ َﺮَﻤُﻋ ﻦﻋو
:
َﻓ ، ِةَﺮْﻤُﻌْﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻲﺒﻨﻟا ُﺖْﻧَذْﺄَﺘْﺳا
، َنِذَﺄ
لﺎﻗو :
»
ﻚِﺋﺎَﻋُد ْﻦِﻣ ﱠﻲﺧأ ﺎَﻳ ﺎَﻨﺴْﻨﺗ ﻻ
«
ﺎَﻴْﻧﱡﺪﻟا ﺎَﻬﺑ ﻲﻟ ﱠنَأ ﻲﻧﱡﺮُﺴَﻳ ﺎﻣ ًﺔَﻤِﻠَآ َلﺎﻘﻓ
.
لﺎﻗ ﺔﻳاور ﻲﻓو
:
»
َﻚِﺋﺎَﻋُد ﻲﻓ ﱠﻲَﺧأ ﺎَﻳ ﺎَﻨْآِﺮْﺷَأ
«
لﺎﻗو يﺬﻣﺮﺘﻟاو ، دواد ﻮﺑأ ﻩاور
:
ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﻦﺴﺣ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ
)
ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ] (
ﻪﻴﻓ :
ﺻﺎﻋ ﻦﺑ ﷲا ﺪﻴﺒﻋ ﻦﺑ ﻢﺻﺎﻋ
ﻒﻴﻌﺿ ﻮهو ، يوﺪﻌﻟا ﻢ
. [
714.
`Umar bin Al-Khattab (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: I sought permission of the Prophet (PBUH)
to perform `Umrah, and he granted me leave and said,
"Brother, do not forget us in your supplications.''
I would not
exchange these words of his for the whole world.
Another narration is: He (PBUH) said,
"Include us, my brother, in your supplications.''
[Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi].
Commentary:
This Hadith is being repeated here to prove that a highly-ranked person in virtue and excellence may
ask his inferior to pray for him. Furthermore, it reflects the Prophet's humility that he asks his followers to pray for
him. This Hadith is enough evidence that supplications benefit the living people.
715
ﻔﺳ َداَرَأ اَذِإ ِﻞُﺟﱠﺮﻠِﻟ ُلﻮُﻘَﻳ َنﺎَآ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر َﺮَﻤُﻋ ِﻦﺑ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َﺪﺒﻋ ﱠنَأ َﺮَﻤُﻋ ِﻦﺑ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ِﺪْﺒَﻋ ِﻦﺑ ﻢﻟﺎﺳ ﻦﻋو
ًاﺮ
:
ُلﻮُﻘﻴﻓ ﺎَﻨُﻋﱢدﻮُﻳ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮﺳر َنﺎَآ ﺎَﻤآ َﻚَﻋﱢدَوُأ ﻰﱠﺘَﺣ ﻲﱢﻨِﻣ ُنْدا
:
ﱠﻠﻟا ُعدْﻮَﺘْﺳَأ
، َﻚَﻨﻳِد ﻪ
،يﺬﻣﺮﺘﻟا ﻩاور ، َﻚِﻠَﻤَﻋ َﻢﻴِﺗاَﻮَﺧو ، َﻚَﺘَﻧﺎﻣَأَو
لﺎﻗو :
ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﻦﺴﺣ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ
.
715.
Salim bin `Abdullah bin `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: When a man was to set out on a
journey, `Abdullah bin `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) would say to him: "Draw near so that I may bid
farewell to you as Messenger of Allah (PBUH) used to bid farewell to us. (The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) used to
say:
"`Astaudi`ullaha dinaka, wa amanataka, wa khawatima `amalika' (I entrust Allah with your Deen, your trust and
your last deeds).''
[At-Tirmidhi].
Commentary:
Herein, we note a provision for uttering benedictory words and praying for a person on the occasion
of seeing him off. The benedictory utterances are: "I entrust your Deen, your (religious) trust (i.e., religious
obligations) and your last deeds with Allah.''
716
لﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ﱢﻲﺑﺎَﺤﱠﺼﻟا ﱢﻲِﻤْﻄَﺨﻟا ﺪﻳﺰﻳ ِﻦﺑ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ِﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﻋو
:
َعﱢدَﻮُﻳ ْنَأ َداَرَأ اذِإ ﺺﻬﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮﺳر َنﺎَآ
َلﺎﻗ ﺶْﻴَﺠﻟا
:
»
َﻣَأَو ، ْﻢُﻜَﻨﻳِد ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُعدْﻮَﺘْﺳَأ
ْﻢُﻜِﻟﺎَﻤﻋَأ َﻢﻴِﺗاَﻮَﺧَو ، ﻢُﻜﺘَﻧﺎ
«.
ﺢﻴﺤﺻ دﺎﻨﺳِﺈﺑ ﻩﺮﻴﻏو دواد ﻮﺑأ ﻩاور ، ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ
.
716.
`Abdullah bin Yazid Al-Khatmi (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: When Messenger of Allah (PBUH)
intended to bid farewell to his army he would say: "
Astau-di'ullaha dinakaum, wa amanatakum, wa khawatima
`amalikum (I entrust Allah with your Deen, your trust and your last deeds).''
[Abu Dawud].
Commentary:
This Hadith presents the same benediction as stated above. Yet, here its addresses are the plural
number of second person, whereas in the previous Hadith it was singular number. The Hadith points out the virtue
desirability of the leader to bid farewell to his army before they set out for the battlefield, and to advise them using
the Prophet's words stated above, reminding them to hold fast to their religion for which they have left everything
behind to fight for it and to win Allah's Mercy.
319
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