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1208
ﺑا ﻦﻋو
ﻰﻟِإ ُﻪْﻨَﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َﻲﺿر ًاذﺎَﻌُﻣ َﺚَﻌﺑ ، ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﱠﻲِﺒﱠﻨﻟا ﱠنَأ ، ُﻪﻨَﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َﻲﺿَر سﺎﱠﺒﻋ ﻦ
َلﺎَﻘَﻓ ِﻦﻤَﻴﻟا
:
»
ُﻬْﻤِﻠْﻋَﺄَﻓ ، َﻚﻟﺬِﻟ اﻮُﻋﺎَﻃَأ ْﻢُه ْنِﺈﻓ ، ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮُﺳر ﻲﱢﻧَأَو ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﱠﻻِإ َﻪﻟِإ ﻻ ْنَأ ِةَدﺎﻬﺷ ﻰﻟِإ ْﻢُﻬُﻋْدا
ﱠنَأ ﻢ
ا ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﱠنَأ ْﻢُﻬْﻤﻠْﻋَﺄَﻓ َﻚﻟﺬِﻟ اﻮُﻋﺎﻃَأ ْﻢُه نِﺈَﻓ ، ٍﺔﻠﻴﻟو ِمْﻮَﻳ ﱢﻞُآ ﻲﻓ ٍتاﻮﻠَﺻ َﺲﻤَﺧ ْﻢِﻬﻴﻠَﻋ ضﺮﺘﻓا ﻰﻟﺎَﻌَﺗ َﻪﱠﻠﻟا
ضﺮﺘﻓ
ﻢِﻬﺋاﺮَﻘُﻓ ﻰﻠَﻋ ﱡدﺮُﺗَو ، ْﻢِﻬِﺋﺎَﻴِﻨْﻏَأ ْﻦِﻣ ُﺬَﺧﺆُﺗ ًﺔَﻗﺪَﺻ ْﻢِﻬﻴﻠَﻋ
«
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
1208.
Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) appointed Mu`adh (May Allah
be pleased with him) as governor of Yemen, and at the time of his departure, he instructed him thus: "
First of all,
call the people to testify `La ilaha illallah' (there is no true god except Allah) and that I (Muhammad) am the
Messenger of Allah, and if they accept this (declaration of Faith), then tell them that Allah has enjoined upon them
five Salat during the day and night; and if they obey you, tell them that Allah has made the payment of Zakat
obligatory upon them. It should be collected from their rich and distributed among their poor
.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
This Hadith has already been mentioned. Here it is repeated to emphasize the importance of Zakat.
We learn from it that Zakat is collected from the affluent of the locality and distributed among the poor of that very
locality. If there is any surplus, then that alone can be sent to the needy of other areas. In the same spirit, the amount
of Zakat will be spent on the needy Muslims only and not among the non-Muslims. Alms and charity can, however,
be spent on the poor of other communities. This Hadith also tells us the wisest course of invitation and preaching.
1209
، ﺎﻤَﻬْﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َﻲِﺿَر ﺮَﻤُﻋ ﻦﺑا ﻦَﻋو
لﺎﻗ :
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮُﺳَر لﺎﻗ
:
»
َﻞِﺗﺎﻗُأ نَأ ُتْﺮِﻣُأ
َةﺎآﱠﺰﻟا اﻮُﺗْﺆُﻳَو ، َةﻼﱠﺼﻟا اﻮُﻤﻴِﻘُﻳو ، ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮُﺳَر ًاﺪﱠﻤَﺤُﻣ ﱠنَأو ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﱠﻻِإ َﻪﻟِإ ﻻ نَأ اوﺪﻬﺸﻳ ﻰﺘﺣ َسﺎﱠﻨﻟا
اﻮﻠَﻌَﻓ اذِﺈَﻓ ،
َءﺎَﻣِد ﻲﱢﻨِﻣ اﻮُﻤَﺼَﻋ ، َﻚﻟذ
ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻰﻠَﻋ ْﻢُﻬُﺑﺎﺴِﺣو ِمﻼﺳِْﻹا ﱢﻖَﺤﺑ ﱠﻻِإ ﻢﻬَﻟاَﻮْﻣَأو ْﻢُه
«
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘُﻣ
.
1209.
Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "
I have been
commanded to fight people till they testify `La ilaha illallah' (there is no true god except Allah) that Muhammad
(PBUH) is his slave and Messenger, and they establish Salat, and pay Zakat; and if they do this, their blood (life)
and property are secured except when justified by law, and it is for Allah to call them to account
.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
"
Except when justified by law'
' means that after the acceptance of Islam, if someone commits a
crime which is punishable by Hadd this will be certainly imposed on him, or her, i.e., cutting of hand in case of
theft, one hundred stripes or stoning to death in case of fornication, capital punishment in retaliation for murdering
an innocent person. In this Hadith the words "
it is for Allah to call them to account
'' means that if they are not
sincere in the acceptance of Islam and would put up an appearance of Islam like hypocrites, or would commit a
crime which is liable for Hadd but is somehow not detected by the Islamic court or authorities concerned, they will
be taken to account for it by Allah, that is Allah will decide about them on the Day of Judgement. It is evident from
this Hadith that so long as Kufr is present in this world, it is necessary to wage Jihad against it to finish it off, and so
long as all the disbelievers do not openly accept Islam and adopt the Islamic way of life, Muslims are duty-bound to
make Jihad against them.
1210
َلﺎﻗ ، ُﻪْﻨَﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲِﺿَر َةﺮﻳﺮُه ﻲﺑَأ ْﻦَﻋَو
:
، ﺮْﻜَﺑ ﻮُﺑَأ َنﺎآَو ، ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮُﺳَر ﻲﻓُﻮُﺗ ﺎﱠﻤﻟ
ُﻪْﻨَﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َﻲﺿَر ُﺮﻤُﻋ َلﺎَﻘَﻓ ، ِبﺮﻌﻟا َﻦِﻣ َﺮَﻔَآ ْﻦَﻣ َﺮَﻔَآَو ، ُﻪْﻨَﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲِﺿَر
:
ْﺪﻗَو َسﺎﱠﻨﻟا ُﻞِﺗﺎَﻘُﺗ َﻒﻴآ
ُلﻮُﺳر َلﺎَﻗ
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا
: »
ﻲﻨِﻣ َﻢَﺼَﻋ ْﺪَﻘﻓ ، ﺎَﻬﻟﺎَﻗ ْﻦَﻤَﻓ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﱠﻻِإ َﻪﻟِإ ﻻ اﻮُﻟﻮُﻘَﻳ ﻰﱠﺘﺣ َسﺎﱠﻨﻟا ﻞِﺗﺎﻗُأ ْنَأ ُتﺮِﻣُأ
؟ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻰﻠَﻋ ُﻪُﺑﺎَﺴِﺣَو ، ﻪﱢﻘَﺤِﺑ ﱠﻻِإ ُﻪَﺴْﻔَﻧَو ُﻪَﻟﺎَﻣ
«
ٍﺮْﻜَﺑ ﻮُﺑَأ َلﺎَﻘَﻓ
: ِﻪﱠﻠﻟاو
، ِةﺎآﱠﺰﻟاو ِةﻼﱠﺼﻟا َﻦْﻴَﺑ َقﱠﺮَﻓ ْﻦَﻣ ﱠﻦَﻠِﺗﺎَﻗُﻷ
ِلﺎَﻤﻟا ﱡﻖَﺣ َةﺎَآﱠﺰﻟا نِﺈﻓ
.
ْﻢُﻬُﺘْﻠَﺗﺎَﻘَﻟ ، ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ِلﻮُﺳَر ﻰﻟِإ ُﻪَﻧودَﺆُﻳ اﻮَﻧﺎآ ًﻻﺎَﻘِﻋ ﻲﻧﻮُﻌﻨَﻣ ﻮَﻟ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟاو
ُﻪْﻨَﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َﻲِﺿَر ُﺮﻤُﻋ َلﺎَﻗ ، ِﻪِﻌﻨﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ
:
ُﺖْﻓﺮَﻌَﻓ ، ِلﺎَﺘِﻘﻠﻟ ٍﺮْﻜَﺑ ﻲﺑَأ َرْﺪَﺻ َحَﺮَﺷ ْﺪَﻗ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُﺖْﻳَأَر نَأ ﱠﻻِإ ﻮُه ﺎَﻣ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟاَﻮَﻓ
ﱡﻖَﺤﻟا ُﻪﱠﻧَأ
.
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘُﻣ
.
1210.
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
When the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) passed away,
Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) was appointed as his successor (caliph). Amongst the Arabs some men
apostatised. Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) resolved to fight them. `Umar bin Al-Khattab (May Allah
be pleased with him) said to Abu Bakr: "How can you fight them when the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) has
declared: `I have been commanded to fight people till they testify La ilaha illallah (there is no true god except
Allah); and if they do it, their blood (life) and property are secured except when justified by law, and it is for Allah
to call them to account." Upon this Abu Bakr (May Allah be pleased with him) said: "By Allah, I would definitely
fight him who makes distinction between Salat and the Zakat, because it is an obligation upon the rich to pay Zakat.
By Allah I will fight them even to secure the piece of rope which they used to give to the Messenger of Allah
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