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have asked me about a matter of great importance, but it is easy for one for whom Allah makes it easy
.'' He added,
"
Worship Allah, associate nothing with Him in worship, offer As-Salat (the prayer), pay the Zakat, observe Saum
(fasting) during Ramadan and perform Hajj (pilgrimage) to the House of Allah, if you can afford it.'' He (PBUH)
further said, "Shall I not guide you to the gates of goodness? Fasting is a screen (from Hell), charity extinguishes
(i.e., removes) the sins as water extinguishes fire, and standing in prayers by a slave of Allah during the last third
part of the night
.'' Then he recited: "
Their sides forsake their beds, to invoke their Rubb in fear and hope, and they
spend (in charity in Allah's Cause) out of what We have bestowed on them. No person knows what is kept hidden
for them of joy as a reward for what they used to do
.'' (32:17,18) Then he added, "
Shall I tell you of the root of the
matter, its pillar and its highest point?
'' I replied: "Yes! Certainly, O Prophet of Allah.'' He said, "
The root of this
matter (foundation) is Islam, its pillar (mainstay is) As-Salat (the prayer) and its highest point is Jihad (fighting in
the Cause of Allah)
.'' Then he asked, "
Shall I tell you of that which holds all these things?
'' I said: "Yes, O
Messenger of Allah.'' So he took hold of his tongue and said, "
Keep this in control
.'' I asked: "O Messenger of Allah!
Shall we really be accounted for what we talk about?'' He replied, "
May your mother lose you! People will be
thrown on their faces into the Hell on account of their tongues.
''
Commentary:
Besides describing Articles of Islam, this Hadith mentions the dangers which lie in the careless use
of the tongue. All good actions can go waste if one does not guard his speech. One should, therefore, guard his
tongue against that which Allah has made prohibited.
1523
لﺎﻗ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا لﻮُﺳر ﱠنأ ُﻪﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر َةﺮﻳَﺮُه ﻲﺑأ ْﻦﻋو
:
»
؟ُﺔﺒﻴِﻐﻟا ﺎﻣ َنوُرْﺪَﺗَأ
«
اﻮُﻟﺎَﻗ
:
ُﻢَﻠْﻋَأ ُﻪُﻟﻮُﺳرو ﻪﱠﻠﻟا
. لﺎﻗ :
»
ُﻩَﺮْﻜﻳ ﺎﻤﺑ َكﺎَﺧَأ َكُﺮآِذ
«
ﻞﻴِﻗ :
َلﺎَﻗ ؟ ُلﻮُﻗَأ ﺎﻣ ﻲِﺧأ ﻲﻓ نﺎآ نإ َﺖْﻳأﺮﻓَأ
:
»
آ ْنإ
ُﻪﱠﺘﻬﺑ ْﺪَﻘَﻓ ُلﻮُﻘَﺗ ﺎﻣ ِﻪﻴِﻓ ﻦُﻜﻳ ْﻢَﻟ ْنإو ، ﻪﺘْﺒَﺘْﻏا ِﺪَﻘَﻓ ُلﻮُﻘﺗ ﺎﻣ ِﻪﻴِﻓ َنﺎ
«
ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ﻩاور
.
1523.
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "
Do you know
what is backbiting?
'' The Companions said: "Allah and His Messenger know better.'' Thereupon he said, "
Backbiting
is talking about your (Muslim) brother in a manner which he dislikes.
'' It was said to him: "What if my (Muslim)
brother is as I say.'' He said, "
If he is actually as you say, then that is backbiting; but if that is not in him, that is
slandering.
''
[Muslim].
Commentary:
This Hadith elaborates the meaning of backbiting and calumny and points out the difference between
the two along with the evils of each one of them. Both these evils are mischief of the tongue and entail great
troubles. May Allah save us from both.
1524
ًﻰﻨﻤِﺑ ﺮﺤﱠﻨﻟا مْﻮﻳ ِﻪِﺘﺒْﻄُﺧ ﻲﻓ لﺎﻗ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا لﻮُﺳر ﱠنأ ُﻪْﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر َةﺮْﻜﺑ ﻲﺑأ ْﻦﻋو
ِعاَدﻮﻟا ِﺔﱠﺠﺣ ﻲﻓ
:
»
ﺮْﻋأو ﻢﻜَﻟاﻮْﻣأو ، ﻢُآَءﺎﻣِد ﱠنإ
، اﺬه ْﻢُآِﺮﻬﺷ ﻲﻓ ، اﺬه ﻢُﻜِﻣﻮﻳ ﺔﻣْﺮُﺤَآ ﻢُﻜْﻴَﻠَﻋ ٌماﺮﺣ ﻢُﻜَﺿا
ﺖْﻐﱠﻠﺑ ْﻞَه ﻻأ ، اﺬه ﻢُآِﺪَﻠﺑ ﻲﻓ
«
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
1524.
Abu Bakrah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: Delivering the sermon during the Farewell Pilgrimage on
the day of Sacrifice at Mina, the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"Verily your blood, your property and your
honour are as sacred and inviolable as the sanctity of this day of yours, in this month of yours and in this town of
yours. Verily! I have conveyed this message to you
.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
Commentary:
This Hadith tells us that the tenth day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah, and the city of Makkah are
sacred. Similar is the case of blood, property and honour of a Muslim to another Muslim. In other words, a Muslim
should neither kill another without any lawful reason nor should he usurp his property nor should he disgrace him.
Since backbiting is also a kind of tyranny which defames a person, it should be strictly avoided.
1525
ْﺖَﻟﺎَﻗ ﺎﻬْﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲِﺿر ﺔﺸِﺋﺎﻋ ْﻦﻋو
:
ﻨﻠﻟ ُﺖْﻠُﻗ
لﺎَﻗ اَﺬَآو اﺬآ ﺔﱠﻴِﻔﺻ ْﻦِﻣ ﻚُﺒْﺴﺣ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻲﺒ
ِةاوﱡﺮﻟا ُ
ﺾْﻌﺑ
:
لﺎﻘﻓ ، ٌةﺮﻴِﺼَﻗ ﻲﻨْﻌﺗ
:
»
، ﻪْﺘﺟَﺰَﻤﻟ ﺮْﺤﺒﻟا ِءﺎﻤﺑ ّﺖﺟﺰُﻣ ﻮﻟ ًﺔﻤِﻠَآ ِﺖْﻠُﻗ ْﺪَﻘﻟ
«
ْﺖَﻟﺎَﻗ
:
ﻪﻟ ُﺖْﻴَﻜﺣو
لﺎﻘﻓ ًﺎﻧﺎﺴﻧإ
:
»
َآَو اﺬآ ﻲﻟ ﱠنإو ًﺎﻧﺎﺴْﻧإ ُﺖْﻴَﻜﺣ ﻲﻧأ ﱡﺐِﺣأ ﺎﻣ
اَﺬ«
لﺎﻗو يﺬﻣﺮﺘﻟاو ، دواد ﻮﺑأ ﻩاور
:
ٌﻦﺴﺣ ٌﺚﻳﺪﺣ
ٌﺢﻴﺤﺻ .
ﻰﻨﻌﻣو :
» ُﻪْﺘَﺟَﺰﻣ «
َﻎﻠﺑأ ْﻦِﻣ اﺬَهو ، ﺎﻬﺤﺒﻗو ﺎﻬﻨﺘﻧ ِةﺪِﺸِﻟ ُﻪُﺤﻳِر ْوأ ، ُﻪُﻤْﻌَﻃ ﺎَﻬﺑ ُﺮﱠﻴَﻐﺘَﻳ ﺔﻄَﻟﺎَﺨُﻣ ﻪﺘﻄﻟﺎَﺧ
ﻰﻟﺎﻌَﺗ ُﻪﱠﻠﻟا لﺎَﻗ ، ِﺔَﺒﻴِﻐﻟا ِﻦﻋ ِﺮِﺟاوﱠﺰﻟا
:
}
إ ، ىﻮَﻬﻟا ِﻦﻋ ُﻖِﻄْﻨﻳ ﺎﻣو
ﻰَﺣﻮﻳ ﱞﻲْﺣو ﻻإ َﻮُه ن
{
]
ﻢﺠﻨﻟا
:4 . [
1525.
`Aishah (May Allah be pleased with her) said: I said to the Prophet (PBUH): "Such and such thing of
Safiyyah (May Allah be pleased with her) is sufficient for you.'' (She means to say that she was a woman with a
short stature). He said, "
You have indeed uttered a word which would pollute the sea if it were mixed in it.
'' She
further said: I imitated a person before him and he said,
"I do not like that I should imitate someone even (if I am
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