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Chapter 316
ﻴﻠﻋ فﻮﻠﺤﻤﻟا ﻚﻟذ ﻞﻌﻔﻳ نأ ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ًاَﺮﻴﺧ ﺎهﺮﻴﻏ ىأﺮﻓ ، ﻦﻴﻤﻳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻒﻠﺣ ﻦﻣ بﺪﻧ بﺎﺑ
ﻢﺛ ، ﻪ
ﻪﻨﻴﻤﻳ ﻦﻋ ﺮﻔﻜﻳ
Desirability of Expiating the Oath taken by a Person who afterwards Breaks
it for a better Alternative
1715
َلﺎَﻗ ُﻪْﻨَﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲِﺿر َةﺮُﻤَﺳ ِﻦْﺑ ِﻦﻤْﺣﱠﺮﻟا ِﺪْﺒﻋ ْﻦَﻋ
:
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮُﺳر ﻲﻟ َلﺎَﻗ
:
» ...
َذِإَو ا
ﻚﻨﻴِﻤَﻳ ﻦﻋ ْﺮﱢﻔآو ، ٌﺮْﻴَﺧ َﻮُه يِﺬﱠﻟا ِتْﺄﻓ ، ﺎَﻬﻨِﻣ ًاﺮْﻴَﺧ ﺎهَﺮْﻴَﻏ ﺖْﻳَأَﺮَﻓ ، ٍﻦﻴِﻤَﻳ ﻰَﻠﻋ َﺖْﻔَﻠَﺣ
«
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
1715.
`Abdur-Rahman bin Samurah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said to
me, "
When you take an oath and consider something else to be better than it, make expiation for your oath and
choose the better alternative.
''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
What we learn from this Hadith is that if a person has taken an oath to do something but
subsequently realizes that it is better to forego the oath, he should expiate for the oath rather than sticking to it
because it is easier to expiate for the oath than to suffer a loss, be it in religion or otherwise.
1716
ْﻨَﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َﻲِﺿر َةَﺮْﻳﺮُه ﻲﺑَأ ْﻦَﻋو
َلﺎﻗ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا َلﻮُﺳر ﱠنَأ ُﻪ
:
»
ٍﻦﻴِﻤَﻳ ﻰَﻠَﻋ ﻒَﻠﺣ ْﻦﻣ
ٌﺮْﻴَﺧ َﻮُه يِﺬﱠﻟا ْﻞَﻌْﻔَﻴْﻟو ، ِﻪِﻨﻴِﻤَﻳ ْﻦَﻋ ْﺮﱢﻔَﻜُﻴْﻠَﻓ ، ﺎَﻬْﻨِﻣ ًاﺮْﻴَﺧ ﺎَهَﺮْﻴَﻏ ىَأﺮَﻓ
«
ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ُﻩاور
.
1716.
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "
When you swear
an oath and consider something else to be better than it, make expiation for your oath and do the thing that is better
.''
[Muslim].
1717
ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا لﻮُﺳر ﱠنَأ ُﻪْﻨَﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َﻲِﺿر ﻰَﺳﻮُﻣ ﻲﺑَأ ْﻦَﻋَو
َلﺎَﻗ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا
:
»
ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َءﺎَﺷ ْنِإ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟاو ﻲﱢﻧِإ
ٌﺮﻴَﺧ َﻮُه يِﺬﱠﻟا ُﺖْﻴﺗَأو ، ﻲﻨﻴِﻤَﻳ ْﻦَﻋ ُتْﺮﱠﻔَآ ﱠﻻِإ ﺎَﻬﻨِﻣ ًاﺮْﻴَﺧ ىَرَأ ﱠﻢُﺛ ، ٍﻦﻴِﻤَﻳ ﻰَﻠَﻋ ُﻒِﻠﺣَأ َﻻ
«
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
1717.
Abu Musa (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "
Verily, I swear by
Allah, if Allah wills, I shall not swear to do something but that if I consider something else to be better than it, then I
shall make expiation for my oath and adopt the thing that is better.
''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
1718
َلﺎَﻗ ُﻪْﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲِﺿر َةَﺮْﻳَﺮُه ﻲِﺑَأ ْﻦَﻋَو
:
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮُﺳَر َلﺎَﻗ
:
»
ﻲﻓ ْﻢُآُﺪَﺣَأ ﱠﺞَﻠَﻳ ْنَﻷ
ضَﺮَﻓ ﻲﺘﱠﻟا ُﻪَﺗَرﺎﱠﻔَآ َﻲِﻄْﻌُﻳ ْنَأ ْﻦِﻣ ﻰﻟﺎَﻌَﺗ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا َﺪْﻨِﻋ ُﻪَﻟ ُﻢَﺛﺁ ِﻪِﻠْهَأ ﻲﻓ ِﻪِﻨﻴِﻤَﻳ
ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا
«
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
ُﻪُﻟﻮﻗ
:
» ﱠﺞَﻠﻳ «
ِﻢِﻴﺠﻟا ِﺪﻳِﺪْﺸَﺗَو ، ِمﻼﱠﻟا ِﺢْﺘَﻔِﺑ
:
ﻪُﻟﻮﻗو ، ُﺮﱢﻔَﻜُﻳ َﻻَو ، ﺎﻬﻴِﻓ ىَدﺎﻤَﺘﻳ ْيَأ
:
» ُﻢَﺛﺁ «
، ﺔﺜﻠﺜﻤﻟا ِءﺎﺜﻟﺎﺑ
ْيَأ
:
ًﺎﻤْﺛِإ ُﺮَﺜْآَأ
.
1718.
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said, "
Persistence in
respect of his oath about his family is more sinful with Allah than the payment of its expiation prescribed by Allah
.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
1. "Ahl'' means wife, children and other members of one's family. For example, if a man takes an oath regarding
some matter relating to his wife, although the act he has forbidden himself is better for him, it will be sinful to stick
to the oath. Far less than this sin would be the breaking of the oath to normalize his relation with his wife and
children. The essence of all these Ahadith is that if one comes to realize that, after taking an oath, his oath was
wrong, then he must break the oath and do what he had vowed not to do. There are different forms of breaking the
oaths. For instance, if one has taken an oath that he will drink alcohol, it will be obligatory for him to break his oath.
Or if one takes an oath to not to do a thing which is desirable, or taken an oath to do something which is not
desirable, then it will be desirable to break the oath. Similarly, if one takes an oath to not to do something
permissible then the act of breaking the oath will also come in the category of permissible.
737
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