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218
لﺎﻗ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َلﻮﺳر نَأ ، ﻪﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ةﺮﻳﺮه ﻲﺑَأ ﻦﻋو
:
»
؟ ُﺲِﻠْﻔُﻤْﻟا ﻦﻣ نوُرْﺪَﺗَأ
«
اﻮُﻟﺎﻗ :
َعﺎَﺘَﻣ ﻻَو ُﻪَﻟ َﻢَهْرِد ﻻ ْﻦَﻣ ﺎَﻨﻴِﻓ ُﺲﻠْﻔُﻤْﻟا
.
لﺎﻘﻓ :
»
ٍةﻼَﺼِﺑ ِﺔﻣﺎﻴﻘْﻟا َمْﻮَﻳ ﻲِﺗْﺄَﻳ ْﻦَﻣ ﻲِﺘﱠﻣُأ ْﻦِﻣ َﺲِﻠْﻔُﻤْﻟا ﱠنِإ
َﺬه ﻰَﻄْﻌُﻴﻓ ، اﺬه َبَﺮَﺿَو ، اَﺬه مَد َﻚَﻔﺳو ،اَﺬَه َلﺎﻣ َﻞَآَأَو اَﺬه فَﺬﻗو ، اﺬه َﻢَﺘَﺷ ْﺪَﻗو ﻲِﺗْﺄﻳو ، ٍةﺎَآَزو ٍمﺎَﻴِﺻَو
ا
َﻓ ْﻢُهﺎَﻳﺎَﻄَﺧ ْﻦِﻣ َﺬِﺧُأ ، ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ﺎَﻣ َﻲِﻀْﻘﻳ ْنَأ َﻞْﺒَﻗ ﻪﺗﺎﻨﺴﺣ ْﺖَﻴِﻨَﻓ ْنِﺈَﻓ ، ِﻪِﺗﺎَﻨَﺴﺣ ﻦِﻣ اﺬَهو ، ِﻪِﺗﺎَﻨَﺴﺣ ْﻦِﻣ
ُﻄ
ﻪْﻴَﻠﻋ ْﺖَﺣﺮ
ِرﺎﱠﻨﻟا ﻲﻓ حِﺮُﻃ ﱠﻢُﺛ ،
«
ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ﻩاور
.
218.
Abu Hurairah (May Allah bepleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"Do you know who
is the bankrupt?''
They said: "The bankrupt among us is one who has neither money with him nor any property". He
said,
"The real bankrupt of my Ummah would be he who would come on the Day of Resurrection with Salat, Saum
and Sadaqah (charity), (but he will find himself bankrupt on that day as he will have exhausted the good deeds)
because he reviled others, brought calumny against others, unlawfully devoured the wealth of others, shed the blood
of others and beat others; so his good deeds would be credited to the account of those (who suffered at his hand). If
his good deeds fall short to clear the account, their sins would be entered in his account and he would be thrown in
the (Hell) Fire".
[Muslim].
Commentary:
This Hadith tells us that a Muslim has to take strict care in the performance of obligations like
prescribed Salat (
prayers
), Zakat, etc, but he has to take similar care in his dealings, manners and morals. Salvation
lies in the proper fulfillment of all these requirements. Fulfillment of one at the cost of the other will not be
sufficient for salvation.
219
لﺎﻗ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا لﻮﺳر نَأ ، ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر َﺔﻤَﻠَﺳ ﱢمُأ ﻦﻋو
:
»
ْﻢُﻜﱠﻧِإَو ، ٌﺮَﺸﺑ ﺎَﻧَأ ﺎَﻤﱠﻧِإ
َﻓ ُﻊَﻤْﺳَأ ﺎﻣ ﻮْﺤﻨِﺑ ُﻪَﻟ ﻲِﻀْﻗَﺄﻓ ، ﺾْﻌَﺑ ْﻦِﻣ ِﻪِﺘﱠﺠُﺤﺑ َﻦﺤْﻟَأ َنﻮُﻜَﻳ ْنَأ ْﻢُﻜَﻀْﻌَﺑ ﱠﻞَﻌَﻟَو ، ﱠﻲَﻟِإ َنﻮُﻤِﺼَﺘْﺨَﺗ
َﻗ ْﻦَﻤ
ُﻪَﻟ ُﺖْﻴَﻀ
ِرﺎﱠﻨﻟا َﻦِﻣ ًﺔَﻌْﻄِﻗ ُﻪَﻟ ُﻊَﻄْﻗَأ ﺎَﻤﱠﻧِﺈَﻓ ِﻪﻴِﺧَأ ﱢﻖَﺤﺑ
«
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
» َﻦَﺤْﻟَأ
«
ْيَأ
: ﻢَﻠْﻋَأ
.
219.
Umm Salamah (May Allah bepleased with her) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"Verily, I am only
a human and the claimants bring to me (their disputes); perhaps some of them are more eloquent than others. I judge
according to what I hear from them). So, he whom I, by my judgment, (give the undue share) out of the right of a
Muslim, I in fact give him a portion of (Hell) Fire".
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
1. The Prophet (PBUH) has explained through this Hadith that he, too, was a man like others and was thus liable to
judging by what he hears by the facile tongue, cleverness and eloquence of people. But it does not detract from his
innocence as a Prophet because it has no concern with his duty as a preacher and Prophet, the responsibility of
protection of which has been accepted by Allah.
2. A judge (
Qadi
) should decide on the case which comes before him in the light of arguments presented to him by
the litigants. He should not make decision according to speculation but go by the arguments which are in his opinion
more convincing.
3. The decision of the Qadi will be evidently enforced, but it will not make the lawful as unlawful or vice versa. That
is to say, it will not be enforced intrinsically, as is believed by some people. If somebody succeeds in winning a
case, it will be invalid and the one who secures it will suffer its consequences in the Hell-fire.
220
ﺑا ﻦﻋو
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮﺳر لﺎﻗ لﺎﻗ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر َﺮﻤﻋ ِﻦ
:
»
ﻲِﻓ ُﻦِﻣﺆُﻤْﻟا َلاَﺰَﻳ ْﻦَﻟ
ًﺎﻣاﺮَﺣ ًﺎﻣَد ْﺐِﺼُﻳ ْﻢَﻟﺎَﻣ ِﻪِﻨﻳِد ْﻦِﻣ ٍﺔَﺤْﺴُﻓ
«
يرﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻩاور
.
220.
Ibn `Umar (May Allah bepleased with them) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"A believer continues
to guard his Faith (and thus hopes for Allah's Mercy) so long as he does not shed blood unjustly".
[Al-Bukhari].
Commentary:
This Hadith has two meanings. Firstly, so long as a Muslim does not kill another Muslim without
valid reason, he remains, by the Grace of Allah, capable of acting upon the Deen. That is to say, he is more hopeful
of the Mercy of Allah, and deserves it also, as long as he does not commit murder. When he kills an innocent
person, the gate of Allah's Compassion is closed on him.
Ibn Al-Arabi interpretted this Hadith as follows:
A Muslim will still have ample chance for accomplishing good deeds to face evil deeds until he sheds blood. Or, he
has the chance of forgiveness until he sheds blood.
(M.R.M.)
106
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