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your subjects".
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
This Hadith ordains every individual in society, whether a ruler or ruled or even a woman who leads
her life within the four walls of her house, to perform one's duties within one's own sphere.
301
لﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ِﻩﱢﺪَﺟ ﻦﻋ ، ﻪﻴﺑَأ ﻦﻋ ، ﺐﻴْﻌُﺷ ﻦﺑ وﺮﻤﻋ ﻦﻋو
:
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا لﻮﺳر لﺎﻗ
:
»
ْﻢُهو ِةﻼﱠﺼﻟﺎِﺑ ْﻢُآدﻻْوَأ اوُﺮُﻣ
ﻲﻓ ْﻢُﻬَﻨْﻴﺑ اﻮُﻗﱠﺮﻓو ، ِﺮْﺸَﻋ ُءﺎَﻨْﺑَأ ْﻢُهَو ﺎَﻬْﻴَﻠﻋ ْﻢهﻮُﺑِﺮْﺿاو ، َﻦﻴِﻨِﺳ ﻊﺒﺳ ُءﺎَﻨْﺑَأ
ِﻊﺟﺎَﻀﻤﻟا
«
ٍﻦﺴﺣ ٍدﺎﻨﺳِﺈﺑ دواد ﻮﺑأ ﻩاور ﻦﺴﺣ ٌﺚﻳﺪﺣ
.
301.
`Amr bin Shu`aib reported on his father's authority that his grandfather (May Allah be pleased with him) said:
Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"Command your children to perform Salat (prayer) when they are seven years old,
and beat them for (not offering) it when they are ten, and do not let (boys and girls) sleep together".
[Abu Dawud].
Commentary:
This Hadith highlights the following points:
1. The importance of the prescribed five daily Salat
(prayers)
.
2. When warranted by the situation, it is permissible to beat children for their proper upbringing and education. But
this should not be in any case violent and aggressive. It should rather be done in a manner that the child does not
suffer any physical injury and receives the right type of training. It is an absurd theory that children should be given
a free hand, and leave alone the corporal punishment, they should not even be rebuked on doing something wrong.
Suitable punishment is essential for their proper training and education.
3. Muslim jurists have written that like Salat, other injunctions of Shari`ah should also be instilled in the minds of
children, and if possible, they should also be given practical training for their performance. For instance, they should
be made to observe Saum
(fast)
occasionally in accordance with their age and capacity during the month of
Ramadan, so that the importance of obligation of fasting is impressed on their minds in an early age. This exercise
will prove very fruitful when they attain maturity. They will then be conscious that for a Muslim, fasting in the
month of Ramadan is compulsory like the five daily Salat.
4. A child generally does not attain maturity at the age of ten years, but nevertheless he does acquire some sense. It
is, therefore, necessary that rather than putting children in one bed they are provided separate beds once they reach
the age of 10, especially children of the opposite sex.
302
لﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ﱢﻲِﻨَﻬﺠﻟا ٍﺪﺒْﻌَﻣ ِﻦﺑ َةَﺮْﺒَﺳ َﺔﱠﻳﺮُﺛ ﻲﺑأ ﻦﻋو
:
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا لﻮﺳر لﺎﻗ
:
»
َﻦﻴِﻨِﺳ ِﺮْﺸﻋ َﻦْﺑا ﺎَﻬْﻴَﻠﻋ ُﻩﻮُﺑِﺮْﺿاَو ، َﻦﻴِﻨِﺳ ِﻊْﺒَﺴِﻟ َةﻼﱠﺼﻟا ﱠﻲِﺒﱠﺼﻟا اﻮُﻤﱢﻠَﻋ
«
، دواد ﻮﺑَأ ﻩاور ٌﻦﺴﺣ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ
ﺪﺣ لﺎﻗو يﺬِﻣﺮﺘﻟاو
ﻦﺴﺣ ﺚﻳ
.
دُواد ﻲﺑأ ُﻆْﻔَﻟو
:
»
َﻦﻴِﻨِﺳ َﻊْﺒَﺳ َﻎَﻠَﺑ اَذِإ ِةَﻼﱠﺼﻟﺎِﺑ ﱠﻲِﺒﱠﺼﻟا اوُﺮﻣ
«
.
302.
Sabrah bin Ma`bad Al-Juhani (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"Teach a boy Salat (the prayer) when he attains the age of seven years, and punish him (if he does not offer it) at
ten".
[Abu Dawud and Tirmidhi].
The narration in Abu Dawud is: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"Order a boy to perform Salat (the prayer) when
he is seven years old".
Commentary:
Obviously only such teachers and parents can persuade the children to perform Salat who are
themselves very strict about it. In the early period of Islam, one could not even think of a Muslim who ignored it. It
is very unfortunate indeed that in the present-day Muslim societies, a large majority of Muslims are careless about
this fundamental religious duty. In such a state of affairs who would instruct and persuade them to perform this
religious obligation of the first order?
139
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