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Chapter 80
ﺔﻴﺼﻌﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻢﻬﺘﻋﺎﻃ ﻢﻳﺮﺤﺗو ﺔﻴﺼﻌﻣ ﺮﻴﻏ ﻲﻓ رﻮﻣﻷا ةﻻو ﺔﻋﺎﻃ بﻮﺟو بﺎﺑ
Obligation of Obedience to the Ruler in what is Lawful and Prohibition of
Obeying them in what is Unlawful
Allah, the Exalted, says:
"O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Messenger (Muhammad (PBUH)), and those of you (Muslims)
who are in authority.''
(4:59)
663
لﺎﻗ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻲﺒﻨﻟا ﻦَﻋ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻋ ُﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ﺮﻤﻋ ﻦﺑا ﻦﻋو
:
»
ُﻊْﻤﱠﺴﻟا ﻢِﻠْﺴُﻤﻟا ِءْﺮَﻤﻟا ﻰﻠَﻋ
َﻴِﺼْﻌَﻤِﺑ َﺮَﻣْﺆُﻳ ْنأ ﱠﻻِإ ، َﻩَﺮِآو ﱠﺐَﺣَأ ﺎﻤﻴِﻓ ُﺔَﻋﺎﱠﻄﻟاو
َﺔَﻋﺎﻃ ﻻَو َﻊْﻤَﺳ َﻼَﻓ ٍﺔَﻴِﺼْﻌﻤِﺑ ﺮِﻣُأ اذﺈَﻓ ٍﺔ
«
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
663.
Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Prophet (PBUH) said,
"It is obligatory upon a
Muslim to listen (to the ruler) and obey whether he likes it or not, except when he is ordered to do a sinful thing; in
such case, there is no obligation to listen or to obey.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
This Hadith crystallizes the parameters of the Muslim subjects' obedience to their Muslim rulers. The
honour of the latter is bound up with their surrender to the Command of Allah and His Messenger (PBUH).
Otherwise, apart from the torment in the Hereafter, they will also be subjected to humiliation in this world.
664
لﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﻋو
:
ﺎَﻨَﻟ ُلﻮُﻘﻳ ِﺔﻋﺎﱠﻄﻟاو ِﻊْﻤﱠﺴﻟا ﻰﻠَﻋ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا َلﻮُﺳر ﺎَﻨْﻌَﻳﺎﺑ اذإ ﺎﱠﻨُآ
:
» ﺎﻤﻴﻓ
ْﻢُﺘْﻌَﻄَﺘْﺳا
«
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
664.
Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported:
Whenever we took a pledge of allegiance to Messenger
of Allah (PBUH) to hear and obey, he (PBUH) would say to us, "As far as you are capable of.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
Obedience to a Muslim ruler calls for two conditions: First, his command must not infringe upon the
canonical sanctity; second, it ought not to outweigh people's limitations. In case, he fails to meet these two
prerequisites, his obedience will also become non-obligatory. This Hadith conveys a warning to rulers that they must
not put people to a hardship unbearable to them.
665
لﺎﻗ ُﻪﻨﻋو
:
لﻮﻘﻳ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا َلﻮُﺳر ُﺖْﻌِﻤَﺳ
:
»
مْﻮﻳ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻰِﻘَﻟ ٍﺔَﻋﺎَﻃ ْﻦﻣ ًاﺪَﻳ َﻊَﻠﺧ ْﻦَﻣ
ًﺔﱠﻴًﻠِهﺎَﺟ ًﺔﺘﻴِﻣ َتﺎَﻣ ٌﺔَﻌْﻴﺑ ِﻪِﻘُﻨُﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺲْﻴَﻟَو َتﺎﻣ ْﻦَﻣَو ، ُﻪَﻟ َﺔﱠﺠُﺣ َﻻو ِﺔَﻣﺎﻴﻘﻟا
«
ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ﻩاور
.
ﻳاور ﻲﻓو
ﻪﻟ ٍﺔ :
»
ًﺔﱠﻴﻠِهﺎَﺟ ًﺔَﺘﻴِﻣ تﻮُﻤﻳ ُﻪﱠﻧﺈَﻓ ، ِﺔﻋﺎﻤَﺠْﻠﻟ ٌقِرﺎَﻔُﻣ َﻮُهَو َتﺎﻣ ْﻦَﻣو
«
.
» ُﺔَﺘﻴِﻤﻟا
«
ﻢﻴﻤﻟا ﺮﺴﻜﺑ
.
665.
Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"One who withdraws
his hand from obedience (to the Amir) will find no argument (in his defense) when he stands before Allah on the
Day of Resurrection; and one who dies without having sworn allegiance will die the death of one belonging to the
Days of Ignorance.'
'
[Muslim].
Another narration is: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"He who dies having defected from obedience (to the
Amir) and discards his association with the main body of the (Muslim) community, dies the death of one belonging
to the Days of Jahiliyyah.''
Commentary:
The Hadith makes it clear that it is binding upon Muslims to show obedience to the just Muslim ruler
and to join forces with the Muslim Community to give allegiance to him as long as he does not call to a sin.
666
لﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﻋ ُﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ٍﺲَﻧأ ﻦَﻋو
:
ﻰّﻠَﺻ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮُﺳر لﺎﻗ
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا
:
»
ِنإو ، اﻮﻌﻴﻃأو اﻮُﻌَﻤْﺳا
ٌﺔَﺒﻴِﺑَز ُﻪﺳْأَر ﱠنَﺄَآ ، ﱞﻰﺸﺒﺣ ٌﺪْﺒﻋ ْﻢُﻜْﻴَﻠﻋ ﻞِﻤْﻌُﺘْﺳا
«
يرﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻩاور
.
666.
Anas (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"Hear and obey even if
an Abyssinian slave whose head is like a raisin is placed in authority over you.''
[Al-Bukhari].
289
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