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Besides, prophecy has been made about the abundance of the power-hungry people with a remedial note. In the first
instance believers are supposed to swear allegiance to the caliph, and by extending their cooperation to him they
should kill another claimant to the caliphate because it is only in this way that the unity of the Muslim Ummah can
be maintained, free of chaos and discord. Yet, unfortunately, the power-orientated groups have found a plaything in
the shape of democracy, turning peace and unity into a legend of the past. What a pity that despite all that they seek
stability and progress! Is it the miracle of time or the quirk of the vested interests that has reversed the whole scheme
of things? There is little hope of the improvement of the Muslim world's affairs. Indeed, it faces an ironical situation.
669
َلﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ٍﺮْﺠُﺣ ﻦﺑ ِﻞِﺋاو َةﺪْﻴَﻨُه ﻲﺑأ ﻦﻋو
:
ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا َلﻮُﺳَر ﱡﻲﻔْﻌُﺠﻟا َﺪﻳﺰﻳ ُﻦﺑ ُﺔﻤَﻠَﺳ َلَﺄﺷ
َلﺎﻘﻓ ، ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ
:
َﻧﻮُﻌَﻨْﻤﻳو ، ْﻢُﻬﱠﻘﺣ ﺎَﻧﻮُﻟَﺄﺴَﻳ ُءاﺮﻣُأ ﺎَﻨْﻴَﻠﻋ ْﺖَﻣﺎَﻗ ْنإ َﺖْﻳَأَرأ ، ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺒﻧ ﺎﻳ
؟ ﺎَﻧُﺮُﻣْﺄَﺗ ﺎَﻤَﻓ ، ﺎﻨﱠﻘﺣ ﺎ
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮُﺳَر لﺎَﻘَﻓ ، ُﻪَﻟﺄﺳ ﱠﻢُﺛ ، ﻪﻨﻋ َ
ضﺮْﻋَﺄَﻓ
»
اﻮُﻠﱢﻤُﺣﺎﻣ ْﻢِﻬْﻴَﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﱠﻧﺈَﻓ ، اﻮُﻌﻴِﻃأو اﻮُﻌَﻤْﺳا
ْﻢُﺘْﻠﱢﻤُﺣ ﺎﻣ ﻢُﻜْﻴَﻠﻋو
«
ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ُﻩاور
.
669.
Wa'il bin Hujr (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Salamah bin Yazid Al-Ju`f (May Allah be pleased
with him) asked Messenger of Allah (PBUH): "O Prophet of Allah! Tell us, what you command us to do if there
arises over us rulers who demand of us what is due to them and refuse us what is due to us.'' Messenger of Allah
(PBUH) turned away from him, but he repeated the same question. Thereupon Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"Listen to them and obey them. They are responsible for their obligations and you are accountable for yours.''
[Muslim].
Commentary:
This Hadith means that both the ruler and the ruled have their own respective obligations. If any of
the two sides fails to play its due role, it will bear the brunt of its deficiency on the Final Day. Yet, people are
debarred from disobeying a ruler who neglects to do what is required of him. Negligence is not rectifiable by
negligence as it will make matters worse. To endure the high-handedness of a ruler in view of the overall national
interest, is therefore, preferable to revolting against him. True, one cannot take the law into one's own hands, yet
there always remains room for improvement and positive criticism. To make use of it within limits and to make
efforts for the enforcement of the canonical discipline will not be deemed as an uprising. Indeed, this will be
deemed, to some extent, binding on everybody.
670
لﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﻋ ُﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ٍدﻮُﻌْﺴﻣ ﻦﺑ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ِﺪْﺒَﻋ ْﻦَﻋَو
:
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮُﺳر لﺎﻗ
:
»
ُنﻮُﻜَﺘﺳ ﺎَﻬﱠﻧإ
، ﺎَﻬَﻧوُﺮِﻜْﻨُﺗ ٌرﻮُﻣُأو ، ٌةَﺮَﺛَأ يِﺪْﻌﺑ
«
اﻮﻟﺎﻗ
:
َلﺎَﻗ ؟ َﻚﻟذ ﺎﱠﻨِﻣ َكرْدَأ ْﻦَﻣ ُﺮُﻣْﺄَﺗ َﻒﻴَآ ، ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا َلﻮُﺳر ﺎﻳ
:
»ُﺗ
َنوﱡدَﺆ
ْﻢُﻜَﻟ يﺬﻟا ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َنﻮُﻟَﺄْﺴَﺗو ، ْﻢُﻜْﻴَﻠَﻋ يﺬﻟا ﱠﻖَﺤﻟا
«
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
670.
`Abdullah bin Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"There
will be discrimination after my death and there will be other matters that you will disapprove.
'' He was asked: "O
Messenger of Allah! What do you command us to do when we are encountered with such happenings?'' He
answered,
"Give what is due from you and supplicate to Allah for your rights.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
There are two aspects of this Hadith. On the one hand, people are advised to put up patiently with the
transgressive behaviour of rulers as well as their nepotism or monopolization of all the national resources. On the
other hand, rulers are warned to ward off a capricious conduct of life, lest they should face the Wrath of Allah.
671
لﺎﻗ ﻪﻨﻋ ُﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ةﺮﻳﺮه ﻲﺑأ ﻦﻋو
:
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ُلﻮُﺳر لﺎﻗ
:
»
َعﺎَﻃَأ ْﺪَﻘَﻓ ﻲﻨَﻋﺎَﻃَأ ْﻦَﻣ
ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻰَﺼَﻋ ْﺪَﻘَﻓ ﻲﻧﺎَﺼَﻋ ْﻦَﻣَو ، ﻪﱠﻠﻟا
ﻲِﻧﺎَﺼَﻋ ْﺪَﻘَﻓ َﺮﻴِﻣﻷا ِ
ﺺْﻌﻳ ْﻦَﻣو ، ﻲﻨَﻋﺎَﻃأ ْﺪَﻘَﻓ َﺮﻴِﻣﻷا ِﻊِﻄُﻳ ْﻦَﻣَو ،
«
ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ .
671.
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"Whosoever obeys
me, obeys Allah; and he who disobeys me, disobeys Allah; and whosoever obeys the Amir (leader), in fact, obeys
me; and he who disobeys the Amir, in fact, disobeys me.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
This Hadith informs us that it is imperative that we obey the leader of the Muslim community so
long as he does not call to a sin, because doing so is in fact obedience to Allah
(SWT).
672
لﺎﻗ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا لﻮﺳر نأ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ٍسﺎﺒﻋ ﻦﺑا ﻦﻋو
:
»
ًﺎﺌْﻴﺷ ِﻩِﺮﻴِﻣَأ ْﻦِﻣ ﻩِﺮَآ ﻦﻣ
ًﺔﻴِﻠِهﺎﺟ ًﺔَﺘﻴِﻣ َتﺎَﻣ ًاﺮﺒِﺷ ِنﺎَﻄﻠﱡﺴﻟا َﻦِﻣ جﺮَﺧ ﻦَﻣ ُﻪﱠﻧﺈﻓ ، ﺮِﺒﺼَﻴﻠَﻓ
«
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
672.
Ibn `Abbas (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"If a person notices
in his ruler what he dislikes, he should show patience because he who departs from the (Muslim) community a cubit,
291
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