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Chapter 277
رﺪﻐﻟا ﻢﻳﺮﺤﺗ بﺎﺑ
Prohibition of the Treachery and Breaking one's Covenant
Allah, the Exalted, says:
"
O you who believe! Fulfill (your) obligations.
'' (5:1)
"
And fulfill (every) covenant. Verily! The covenant will be questioned about.
'' (17:34
)
1584 َﻋو
َلﺎَﻗ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َلﻮُﺳر ﱠنأ ﺎَﻤُﻬْﻨَﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر صﺎﻌﻟا ِﻦْﺑ وﺮْﻤَﻋ ِﻦْﺑ ِﻪﱠﻠﻟا ِﺪْﺒﻋ ْﻦ
:
»
ﱠﺘﺣ ِقﺎﻔﱢﻨﻟا َﻦِﻣ ٌﺔَﻠْﺼَﺧ ِﻪﻴِﻓ َنﺎآ ، ﱠﻦُﻬْﻨِﻣ ٌﺔَﻠْﺼَﺧ ﻪﻴﻓ ْﺖﻧﺎآ ْﻦَﻣَو ، ًﺎﺼﻟﺎﺧ ًﺎﻘِﻓﺎَﻨُﻣ َنﺎآ ، ِﻪﻴﻓ ﱠﻦُآ ْﻦَﻣ ٌﻊﺑْرأ
ﺎﻬﻋﺪﻳ ﻰ
:
ﺮﺠَﻓ ﻢَﺻﺎَﺧ اذإو ، رَﺪَﻏ َﺪَهﺎﻋ اذإو ، بَﺬَآ َثﱠﺪﺣ اذإو ، َنﺎﺧ َﻦِﻤﺗؤأ اذإ
«
.
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
1584.
`Abdullah bin `Amr bin Al-`As (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said,
"
Whosoever possesses these four characteristics is a sheer hypocrite; and anyone who possesses one of them
possesses a characteristic of hypocrisy till he gives it up. These are: when he is entrusted with something, he proves
dishonest; when he speaks, he tells a lie; when he makes a covenant, he proves treacherous; and when he quarrels,
he behaves in very imprudent, evil, insulting manner
.''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
This Hadith has already been mentioned (Hadith No. 1544). The traits mentioned in this Hadith are
peculiar to hypocrites and every Muslim is required to abstain from them. Excellence of character is riveted with
Faith. The nobility of character is invariably reflected in Faith, and where there is no Faith there will be little
excellence of character.
1585
ِﻦﺑاو ، ٍدﻮُﻌْﺴﻣ ﻦﺑا ﻦﻋو
اﻮُﻟﺎَﻗ ْﻢُﻬﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر ٍﺲﻧأو ، َﺮﻤُﻋ
:
ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﱡﻲﺒﻨﻟا َلﺎَﻗ
:
»
ُلﺎَﻘُﻳ ، ِﺔﻣﺎﻴِﻘﻟا َمْﻮﻳ ٌءاَﻮِﻟ ٍرِدﺎَﻏ ﱢﻞُﻜِﻟ
:
ٍنﻼُﻓ ُةَرْﺪَﻏ ِﻩِﺬه
«
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ٌﻖﻔﺘﻣ
.
1585.
Ibn Mas`ud, Ibn `Umar and Anas (May Allah be pleased with them) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "
For
every one who breaks his covenant, there will be a (huge) flag on the Day of Resurrection and it will be said: `This
flag proclaims a breach of covenant by so-and-so
.'''
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
Commentary:
"
Ghadr
'" means breach of oath and its disregard. On the Day of Judgement, a person with such a
quality will be given a (
huge
) flag which will be a sign of his lack of sincerity to his words.
1586
لﺎَﻗ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻲﺒﻨﻟا ﱠنأ ُﻪﻨَﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر يِرْﺪُﺨﻟا ٍﺪﻴِﻌَﺳ ﻲﺑأ ْﻦَﻋَو
:
َﺪﻨِﻋ ٌءاﻮِﻟ ٍرِدﺎَﻏ ﱢﻞُﻜِﻟ
ٍﺔﱠﻣﺎﻋ ﺮﻴﻣأ ْﻦِﻣ ًارْﺪَﻏ ُﻢﻈْﻋأ ردﺎَﻏ ﻻو ﻻأ ، ِﻩِرْﺪﻏ ِرْﺪﻘِﺑ ُﻪَﻟ ُﻊَﻓْﺮُﻳ ِﺔﻣﺎﻴِﻘﻟا َمْﻮَﻳ ﻪِﺘْﺳإ
«
ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ﻩاور
.
1586.
Abu Sa`id Al-Khudri (May Allah be pleased with him) said: The Prophet (PBUH) said, "
Every one who
breaks a covenant will have a flag by his buttocks on the Day of Resurrection. It will be raised higher according to
the nature of his breach. Behold, there will be no greater a sin with respect to breaking the covenant than that of a
ruler who breaks his covenant with the Muslim masses
.''
[Muslim].
Commentary:
This Hadith clearly shows that breach of covenant is forbidden in Islam, especially on the part of a
ruler because (a) he is in a position to honour his covenant, and (b) his evil can affect the whole Muslim community.
It was a custom in the Pre-Islamic Period of Ignorance in Arabia to fix flags on poles for those who were guilty of
breach of oath to humiliate and defame them. Almighty Allah has mentioned the punishment of flags on the Day of
Resurrection for such people who break their covenant so that people can easily understand its nature. What a
humiliation that will be!
* Placing the flag by his bottom signifies humiliation and disgrace because flags are usually carried in front of the
bearer not behind. (
Editor's Note
)
1587
لﺎﻗ ﻢﱠﻠَﺳو ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ُﷲا ﻰّﻠَﺻ ﻲﺒﻨﻟا ﻦﻋ ُﻪﻨﻋ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا ﻲﺿر َةﺮﻳَﺮُه ﻲﺑأ ْﻦﻋو
:
ﻰﻟﺎﻌﺗ ﻪﱠﻠﻟا َلﺎَﻗ
ﺎﻧأ ٌﺔَﺛﻼَﺛ
َمْﻮﻳ ْﻢُﻬُﻤْﺼَﺧ
ِﺔَﻣﺎَﻴِﻘﻟا
:
ﻲﻓْﻮَﺘْﺳﺎَﻓ ، ًاﺮﻴِﺟأ َﺮﺟﺄَﺘﺳا ٌﻞُﺟرو ، ُﻪَﻨﻤﺛ ﻞآَﺄﻓ ًاﺮُﺣ عﺎﺑ ٌﻞُﺟرَو ، َرَﺪَﻏ ْﻢُﺛ ﻲﺑ ﻰَﻄﻋأ ٌﻞُﺟَر
ُﻩَﺮْﺟأ ِﻪِﻄْﻌُﻳ ْﻢَﻟو ، ُﻪﻨِﻣ
«
يرﺎﺨﺒﻟا ﻩاور
.
675
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